Guitar Finishes Over The Years

Guitars have seen a fascinating evolution in finishes, with shifts driven by technology, fashion, and tone. Here’s a concise history of how they changed over time.

Early 1900s – Shellac and French Polish

Before mass production, acoustic guitars were often finished with shellac using French polishing techniques. This gave a warm, hand-rubbed glow but offered little protection against moisture or wear.

1920s–1940s – Nitrocellulose Lacquer

With the rise of companies like Gibson and Martin, nitrocellulose lacquer became the standard. It sprayed easily, produced a glossy finish, and allowed the wood to resonate. Over decades, these finishes aged into the checked, yellowed patina that collectors prize today.

1950s–1960s – Colour and Custom Finishes

Electric guitars such as Fender’s Stratocaster popularised bold, automotive-inspired colours. Nitrocellulose was still dominant, but demand for durability began pushing manufacturers toward thicker coats.

1970s – Polyester and Polyurethane

Mass production and cost-efficiency led to the widespread use of poly finishes. Thicker and more durable, they resisted wear but were criticised for slightly dampening resonance compared to nitro. Companies like Ibanez and Yamaha embraced these modern finishes.

1980s–1990s – High Gloss and Special Effects

Polyurethane remained popular, often paired with striking metallics, neons, and graphic designs. Guitarists wanted finishes that could survive heavy touring without constant refinishing.

2000s–Present – Vintage Revival and Alternatives

Many boutique makers and major brands revisited thin nitro finishes for their tonal benefits and traditional aesthetic. Water-based and UV-cured finishes also emerged, offering environmentally friendly options without sacrificing durability.

From the delicate warmth of shellac to the armour-like gloss of modern poly, each era of guitar finishing reflects the balance between tone, looks, and longevity.